The prevalence and intensity of parasites in wild hosts varies across space and is a key
determinant of infection risk in humans, domestic animals and threatened wildlife. Because …

Understanding the mechanisms underlying species formation and differentiation is a central
goal of evolutionary biology and a formidable challenge. This understanding can provide …

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans greatly constrains potato production. Many
Resistance (R) genes were cloned from wild Solanum species and/or introduced into potato …

Discerning the relative roles of adaptive and nonadaptive processes in generating
differences among populations and species, as well as how these processes interact, is a …

Numerous studies have argued that environmental variations may contribute to evolution
through the generation of novel heritable variations via meiotic recombination, which plays a …

Determining the host–parasitoid interactions and parasitism rates for invasive species
entering novel environments is an important first step in assessing potential routes for …

Invasive populations frequently harbour a reduced parasite community compared with their
native counterparts. The loss of regulating enemies may result in re‐allocation of resources …

Birds are a wonderfully diverse and accessible clade with an exceptional range of ecologies
and behaviors, making the study of the avian major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of …

Red Queen host–parasite co-evolution can drive adaptations of immune genes by positive
selection that erodes genetic variation (Red Queen arms race) or results in a balanced …

Oceanic islands are excellent systems for allowing biologists to test evolutionary hypotheses
due to their relative simplicity of habitats, naturally replicated study design and high levels of …