The most influential account of phasic dopamine holds that it reports reward prediction
errors (RPEs). The RPE-based interpretation of dopamine signaling is, in its original form …

Excitation–transcription coupling (E–TC) links synaptic and cellular activity to nuclear gene
transcription. It is generally accepted that E–TC makes a crucial contribution to learning and …

Events associated with aversive or rewarding outcomes are prioritized in memory. This
memory boost is commonly attributed to the elicited affective response, closely linked to …

Type 2 diabetes and major depressive disorder (MDD) are the leading causes of disability
worldwide and have a high comorbidity rate with fatal outcomes. Despite the long …

Dopamine signalling modes differ in kinetics and spatial patterns of receptor activation,. How
these modes contribute to motor function, motivation and learning has long been …

Striosomes form neurochemically specialized compartments of the striatum embedded in a
large matrix made up of modules called matrisomes. Striosome-matrix architecture is …

Animals frequently make decisions based on expectations of future reward (" values").
Values are updated by ongoing experience: places and choices that result in reward are …

Learning causal relationships relies on understanding how often one event precedes
another. To investigate how dopamine neuron activity and neurotransmitter release change …

The nervous system coordinates various motivated behaviors such as feeding, drinking, and
escape to promote survival and evolutionary fitness. Although the precise behavioral …

Genetically-encoded dopamine (DA) sensors enable high-resolution imaging of DA release,
but their ability to detect a wide range of extracellular DA levels, especially tonic versus …