Key Clinical Points Cancer-Associated Hypercalcemia Hypercalcemia complicates the
course of a variety of cancers when tumor factors overwhelm normal calcium and bone …

Paraneoplastic syndromes are signs or symptoms that occur as a result of organ or tissue
damage at locations remote from the site of the primary tumor or metastases. Paraneoplastic …

Delirium is a neurocognitive syndrome that commonly occurs in older populations and
people with cancer, particularly in those with advanced disease and in the last hours or days …

Hypercalcemia of malignancy is the most common life-threatening metabolic disorder in
patients with advanced stage cancers and is a sign of poor prognosis. It usually presents …

As a result of significant improvements in current therapies, the life expectancy of cancer
patients with bone metastases has dramatically improved. Unfortunately, these patients …

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a pivotal role in systemic calcium metabolism by
regulating parathyroid hormone secretion and urinary calcium excretion. The CaSR is …

Hypercalcemia complicates the course of 10%–30% of all patients with malignancies and
can be a sign of very poor prognosis and advanced malignancy. Prompt recognition of the …

Most oncologic emergencies can be classified as metabolic, hematologic, structural, or
treatment related. Tumor lysis syndrome is a metabolic emergency that presents as severe …

Patients with malignancies commonly experience abnormalities in serum electrolytes,
including hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypophosphatemia, and …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with cancer, especially in those with
haematological malignancies. Kidney injury might be a direct consequence of the …