Since the second half of the 20th century, ideas to develop methods for the formation of
optical vortices (OVs) or OV beams–regions of circular motion of energy flow in an …

Vector vortex beams have attracted considerable research attention owing to their unique
optical properties, and have been explored in vortex filtering, photon entanglement, and the …

Vortex beams, carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), have plenty of applications
ranging from particle manipulation to high‐capacity data transmissions. In particular, the …

Integrating independent wavefront controls into one device can meet the increasing demand
for high-capacity flat electromagnetic devices. Simultaneously and independently controlling …

By simulating tight focusing of vector beams with azimuthal polarization of fractional order 0<
m< 1 (m= 1 is the azimuthal polarization; m= 0 is the linear polarization), it is shown that the …

Based on the Richards-Wolf theory, it is strictly shown that in the sharp focus of a linearly
polarized laser beam, the flux of a spin vector has only transverse components (the effect of …

In this paper, we numerically simulate the focusing of a second-order cylindrical vector beam
with a gradient index Mikaelian lens. It is shown that the lens forms a region of the reverse …

Using e-beam lithography and reactive ion beam etching of a 120 nm amorphous silicon
film, we fabricate a 30-µm spiral metalens that has a very short focal length that is equal to …

Vector beams have attracted widespread attention because of their unique optical
properties; in particular, their combination with tight focusing can produce many interesting …

We propose a direct measurement method that is applicable to both integral and fractional
vortex beams. In this approach, the phase distribution of the vortex beam is visualized via …