In the petroleum industry, oil and water emulsions are frequent, not only in oilfield operations
but also during the transportation and refining processes. Once depicting emulsion …

The difficulties associated with transportation and refining of crude oil emulsions and
produced water discharge limitations are among the conspicuous clues that have led the …

The most challenging aspect in petroleum industry is high produced water accompanying
crude oil extraction. In modern days, environmental attention has become very significant …

The need for efficient demulsification process to treat emulsions in the petroleum industry is
well acknowledged. For decades, numerous researches have been conducted to examine …

Recent advances in molecular biology have extended our understanding of the metabolic
processes related to microbial transformation of petroleum hydrocarbons. The physiological …

Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds which can reduce surface and interfacial tensions
by accumulating at the interface of immiscible fluids and increase the solubility, mobility …

This paper reviews the current understanding of electrocoalescence of water droplets in oil,
highlighting particularly the mechanisms proposed for droplet–droplet and droplet–interface …

Stable emulsions are frequently encountered in oil production and cause a series of
environmental and operational issues. Chemical demulsification is widely used for the …

The demulsification mechanism of asphaltene-stabilized water-in-toluene emulsions by an
ethylene-oxide–propylene oxide (EO–PO) based polymeric demulsifier was studied …

This study investigates the effects of asphaltene, resin and petroleum acid on the phase
inversion, stability and oil–water interface characteristics of emulsions. First, different ratios …