Covering: July 2010 to December 2021 Limonoids, a kind of natural tetranortriterpenoids
with diverse skeletons and valuable insecticidal and medicinal bioactivities, are the …

In ethnomedicine, plant parts and compounds are used traditionally to treat different
diseases. Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is the most versatile and useful medicinal plant …

Gedunin is an important limonoid present in several genera of the Meliaceae family, mainly
in seeds. Several biological activities have been attributed to gedunin, including …

Carapa guianensis is a tree from Meliaceae family traditionally known as andiroba that has
a wide range of biological properties, including therapeutic effects, antioxidant activities …

The natural limonoids distributed mainly in the Meliaceae and Rutaceae plants are known
for their unique and complex structure with high degree oxidation and cyclic rearrangement …

Highlights•MD2 is a special molecule with a large hydrophobic pocket.•MD2 is a valuable
anti-inflammatory target.•MD2 can be inhibited by lipid A mimetics, natural products and …

Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Interleukin (IL)-10 is one of the most important and best anti-inflammatory cytokines. The …

Otitis media is mainly caused by upper respiratory tract infection and eustachian tube
dysfunction. If external upper respiratory tract infection is not detected early in the middle …

Activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
triggers an innate immune response, via cytokine production and inflammasome activation …

Melanogenesis represents a series of processes that produce melanin, a protective skin
pigment (against ultraviolet rays), and determines human skin color. Chemicals reducing …