Akt is a serine/threonine kinase and it participates in the key role of the PI3K signaling
pathway. The Akt can be activated by a wide range of growth signals and the biochemical …

Heart failure (HF) is considered as a severe health problem worldwide, while cardiac fibrosis
is one of the main driving factors for the progress of HF. Cardiac fibrosis was characterized …

The progressive increase in lifespan over the past century carries with it some adversity
related to the accompanying burden of debilitating diseases prevalent in the older …

Decidualization denotes the transformation of endometrial stromal fibroblasts into
specialized secretory decidual cells that provide a nutritive and immunoprivileged matrix …

The importance of PTEN in cellular function is underscored by the frequency of its
deregulation in cancer. PTEN tumor-suppressor activity depends largely on its lipid …

The serine/threonine kinase Akt, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), is a central node in
cell signaling downstream of growth factors, cytokines, and other cellular stimuli. Aberrant …

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a debilitating response to fasting, disuse, cancer, and other
systemic diseases. In atrophying muscles, the ubiquitin ligase, atrogin-1 (MAFbx), is …

Physiologically important cell-signalling networks are complex, and contain several points of
regulation, signal divergence and crosstalk with other signalling cascades. Here, we use the …

Skeletal muscle size depends upon a dynamic balance between anabolic (or hypertrophic)
and catabolic (or atrophic) processes. Previously, no link between the molecular mediators …

All intracellular proteins and many extracellular proteins are continually “turning over;” ie,
they are being hydrolyzed to their constituent amino acids and replaced by new synthesis …