The rising consumption of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine
disruptive compounds for healthcare purposes and improving living standards has resulted …

Membrane distillation (MD) lags behind other desalination processes such as reverse
osmosis due to relatively high energy consumption. Heating in membrane distillation forms a …

Membrane distillation (MD) is an alternative membrane technology that offers the capacity to
treat highly saline water including industrial wastewater, seawater, brine water from other …

Membrane Distillation (MD) is a membrane-based, temperature-driven water reclamation
process. While research emphasis has been largely on membrane design, upscaling of MD …

Membrane distillation (MD) has been proven promising in solar-driven desalination.
Moreover, its unique characteristics such as simple process, module compactness, high salt …

Desalination and water treatment processes have seen a worldwide increase due to
increasingly limited access to drinking water sources. In this context, the article focuses on …

As the water demand increases continuously, large capacities of desalination plant are
added every year to meet freshwater demand. The higher carbon footprint of desalination …

Membrane Distillation (MD) is one of the technologies which exhibits great potential in the
desalination and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) area but is currently limited by the heat loss in …

Feedwater heating represents a pivotal and energy-intensive step in membrane distillation
(MD), contributing significantly to the total energy costs. Thus, elevating the thermal …

Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology with great potential to mitigate the
crisis of water shortage. However, it still suffers from the low productivity due to that water …