A core challenge in global change biology is to predict how species will respond to future
environmental change and to manage these responses. To make such predictions and …

Basal or standard metabolic rate reflects the minimum amount of energy required to
maintain body processes, while the maximum metabolic rate sets the ceiling for aerobic …

Increases in the frequency, severity and duration of temperature extremes are anticipated in
the near future. Although recent work suggests that changes in temperature variation will …

Climate warming may lower environmental resource levels, growth, and fitness of many
ectotherms. In a classic experiment, Brett and colleagues documented that growth rates of …

Quantifying thermal performance curves (TPCs) for biological rates has many applications to
important problems such as predicting responses of biological systems—from individuals to …

Ectotherms are considered to be particularly vulnerable to climate warming. Descriptions of
habitat temperatures and predicted changes in climate usually consider mean monthly …

We analyze the effects of changing patterns of thermal availability, in space and time, on the
performance of small ectotherms. We approach this problem by breaking it into a series of …

Phenology is a key aspect of plant and animal life strategies that determines the ability to
capture seasonally variable resources. It defines the season and duration of growth and …

In this review we consider how small-scale temporal and spatial variation in body
temperature, and biochemical/physiological variation among individuals, affect the …

A major challenge for fish biologists in the 21st century is to predict the biotic effects of global
climate change. With marked changes in biogeographic distribution already in evidence for …