Vital osteocytes have been well known to function as an important orchestrator in the
preservation of robustness and fidelity of the bone remodeling process. Nevertheless, some …

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, especially as a
result of our aging society, high caloric intake and sedentary lifestyle. Besides the well …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family (PGC-1s),
consisting of three members encompassing PGC-1α, PGC-1β, and PGC-1-related …

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus especially type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing all over
the world. In addition to cardiomyopathy and nephropathy, diabetics are at higher risk of …

Tocotrienol (T3) is a subfamily of vitamin E known for its wide array of medicinal properties.
This review aimed to summarize the health benefits of T3, particularly in prevention or …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect bone metabolism and the bone microenvironment,
resulting in impaired bone healing. The mechanisms include oxidative stress, inflammation …

Rationale: Mechanisms underlying the compromised bone formation in type 1 diabetes
mellitus (T1DM), which causes bone fragility and frequent fractures, remain poorly …

Peritoneal dialysis is an efficient renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage
kidney disease. However, continuous exposure of the peritoneal membrane to dialysate …

Background Exercise train (ET) stimulates muscle response in pathological conditions,
including aging. The molecular mechanisms by which exercise improves impaired …

The skeleton is now recognized as an endocrine organ regulating a growing number of
physiological processes. Its endocrine function came to light when it was realized that …