The link between cancer metabolism and immunosuppression, inflammation and immune
escape has generated major interest in investigating the effects of low pH on tumor …

T cells in the immune system protect the human body from infection by pathogens and clear
mutant cells through specific recognition by T cell receptors (TCRs). Cancer immunotherapy …

The first generation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1)
targeted natural immune homeostasis pathways, co-opted by cancers, to drive anti-tumor …

Natural killer (NK) cells can induce an antigen-independent immune response against
malignant cells. A growing number of scientific reports and clinical studies have shown …

Following the clinical success of immune checkpoint antibodies targeting CTLA-4, PD-1 or
PD-L1 in cancer treatment, bispecific antibodies are now emerging as a growing class of …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of undifferentiated cancer cells within the
tumor bulk that are responsible for tumor initiation, recurrence and therapeutic resistance …

Natural killer (NK) cells are essential components of the innate immune system and play a
critical role in host immunity against cancer. Recent progress in our understanding of NK cell …

The success of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) lies with the ability of the
engrafting immune system to remove residual leukemia cells via a graft-versus-leukemia …

Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are designed to recognize and bind to two different antigens or
epitopes. In the last few decades, BsAbs have been developed within the context of cancer …

Immunotherapy has revolutionized therapy in both solid and liquid malignancies. The ability
to cure acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with an …