As the oil reserves are depleting the need of an alternative fuel source is becoming
increasingly apparent. One prospective method for producing fuels in the future is …

Increasing energy demand, especially in the transportation sector, and soaring CO2
emissions necessitate the exploitation of renewable sources of energy. Despite the large …

The oil produced by the pyrolysis of biomass has potential for use as a substitute for fossil
fuels. However, the oil needs to be upgraded since it contains high levels of oxygen, which …

The increase in human consumption of plant and animal oils has led to the rise in waste
cooking oil (WCO) production. Instead of disposing the used cooking oil as waste, recent …

Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) is a promising technology that can allow the conversion of
biomass into transportable fuels. Despite its advantages in terms of simplicity and economic …

Biomass fast pyrolysis is potentially one of the cheapest routes toward renewable liquid
fuels. Its commercialization, however, poses a multi-scale challenge, which starts with the …

Rapid consumption of petroleum and concerns about carbon emissions have promoted
utilization of renewable energy such as biomass. Pyrolysis of biomass is one of effective …

Considerable worldwide interest exists in discovering renewable energy sources that can
substitute for fossil fuels. Lignocellulosic biomass, the most abundant and inexpensive …

Resource utilization of ever-increasing waste plastics, identified as the most effective
avenue for achieving value recovery and reducing the environmental impact, has received …

A current aim of society is to produce fuels from non-food biomass and catalysis is central to
achieving this aim. Catalytic steam-reforming of biomass gives synthesis gas and this can be …