A dysregulated circadian rhythm is significantly associated with cancer risk, as is aging. Both
aging and circadian dysregulation show suppressed pineal melatonin, which is indicated in …

Pineal melatonin and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) are integral aspects of the
circadian rhythm. Pineal melatonin release during sleep is proposed to optimize …

Excessive glucocorticoid (GC) action is linked to various metabolic disorders. Recent
findings suggest that disrupting skeletal GC signaling prevents bone loss and alleviates …

Rationale In inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), steroid metabolism is
a central component mediating the actions of immuno-modulatory glucocorticoids and sex …

Endogenous glucocorticoids and commonly used oral glucocorticoids have the property of
existing in an inactive and active form in vivo. The inactive form can be converted back to the …

Cortisol excess drives multiple adverse effects including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and
delayed wound healing. Activation of cortisol by the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid …

11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD-1) inhibitors represent a potential
therapeutic approach for patients with Cushing's syndrome, autonomous cortisol secretion …

Macrophages are central to both the pathology and resolution of chronic inflammatory
diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Steroid hormones such as glucocorticoids (GCs) …

Introduction: The aim was to evaluate the structural and functional changes of bone tissue in
mice with expression of 11β-HSD2 or both 11β-HSD2 and Apolipoprotein E. Materials and …