The synthesis of vitellogenin and its uptake by maturing oocytes during egg maturation are
essential for successful female reproduction. These events are regulated by the juvenile …

Adequate nutrition supports the development of healthy honey bee colonies. We give an
overview of the nutritional demands of honey bee workers at three levels:(1) colony nutrition …

In recent years, honeybees (Apis mellifera) have been strangely disappearing from their
hives, and strong colonies have suddenly become weak and died. The precise aetiology …

Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by
analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction …

In most animals, longevity is achieved at the expense of fertility, but queen honey bees do
not show this tradeoff. Queens are both long-lived and fertile, whereas workers, derived from …

Research on aging shows that regulatory pathways of fertility and senescence are closely
interlinked. However, evolutionary theories on social species propose that lifelong care for …

Two microsporidia species have been shown to infect Apis mellifera, Nosema apis and
Nosema ceranae. This work present evidence that N. ceranae infection significantly …

Temporal division of labor and foraging specialization are key characteristics of honeybee
social organization. Worker honeybees (Apis mellifera) initiate foraging for food around their …

Persistent exposure to mite pests, poor nutrition, pesticides, and pathogens threaten honey
bee survival. In healthy colonies, the interaction of the yolk precursor protein, vitellogenin …

In this review, relevant data is presented on an emerging disease of the 21th century in
European countries, caused by Nosema ceranae. Within a few years after it was detected in …