Given the high numbers of deaths and the debilitating nature of diseases caused by the use
of unclean water it is imperative that we have an understanding of the factors that control the …

Dendritic ecological networks (DEN s) are a unique form of ecological networks that exhibit
a dendritic network topology (eg stream and cave networks or plant architecture). DEN s …

Abstract According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), warming of
the climate system is unequivocal. Over the coming century, warming trends such as …

The microbiological quality of recreational waters (RW) has been assessed through the use
of microbial indicators. Usually, three typical fecal bacteria, namely fecal coliforms …

Few factors are as important in determining water quality as land use/land cover (LULC).
Many land use activities, including agriculture, urban development, mining, and commercial …

Agricultural water is an important source of foodborne pathogens on produce farms.
Managing water-associated risks does not lend itself to one-size-fits-all approaches due to …

Watershed models are widely used in total maximum daily load (TMDL) studies to predict
the impacts of pollutant discharges on the biochemical functioning and assimilative capacity …

There is a need for science-based tools to (i) help manage microbial produce safety hazards
associated with preharvest surface water use, and (ii) facilitate comanagement of …

Background Despite wide usage of on-site sanitation, there is limited field-based evidence
on the removal or release of pathogens from septic tanks and other primary treatment …

High incidences of waterborne diseases occur due to consumption of contaminated surface
water sources globally. Monitoring and health risk assessment is required to understand …