Purpose Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is associated with intrinsic testicular defects
that severely impair sperm production. Although NOA invariably leads to infertility, focal …

Our objective was to establish which is the best sperm retrieval technique in non-obstructive
azoospermia based on the available evidence. To date, no randomized controlled trial has …

OBJECTIVES: To compare, in a retrospective study, the ultrasound findings and hormonal
changes after testicular sperm extraction (TESE) using the conventional multiple biopsy …

The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) opened a new era in the field of
assisted reproduction and revolutionized the assisted reproductive technology protocols for …

More than 70% of patients survive childhood leukemia, but chemotherapy and radiation
therapy cause irreversible impairment of spermatogenesis. Although autotransplantation of …

Sperm of humans, non-human primates, and other mammalian subjects is considered to be
antigenic. The effect of changes in autoimmunity on reproductive cells such as spermatozoa …

BACKGROUND Testicular sperm extraction (TESE) is a surgical procedure to retrieve
spermatozoa from the testes of men with azoospermia to help them achieve biological …

Immune infertility occurs due to the presence of antisperm antibodies (ASA). This type of
infertility has a relatively low prevalence (2.6–6.6% in infertile men), and its etiology, risk …

OBJECTIVES: Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (TESE) is the ideal procedure for
obtaining a high sperm retrieval rate. However, few studies of the postoperative …

Testicular spermatozoa can be retrieved successfully by the testicular sperm extraction
(TESE) procedure and used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection in cases of non‐obstructive …