The capacity to predict future events permits a creature to detect, model, and manipulate the
causal structure of its interactions with its environment. Behavioral experiments suggest that …

Schultz, Wolfram. Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1–27,
1998. The effects of lesions, receptor blocking, electrical self-stimulation, and drugs of abuse …

For over three decades, Allan N. Schore has authored numerous volumes, chapters, and
articles on regulation theory, a biopsychosocial model of the development …

Rewards are crucial objects that induce learning, approach behavior, choices, and
emotions. Whereas emotions are difficult to investigate in animals, the learning function is …

The striatum is essential for learning which actions lead to reward and for implementing
those actions. Decades of experimental and theoretical work have led to several influential …

While the evidence is strong that dopamine plays some fundamental and special role in the
rewarding effects of brain stimulation, psychomotor stimulants, opiates, and food, the exact …

Reward prediction errors consist of the differences between received and predicted rewards.
They are crucial for basic forms of learning about rewards and make us strive for more …

A patient with the neglect syndrome fails to report, or to respond or orient to, novel or
meaningful stimuli presented to the side opposite a brain lesion.'The definition does not …

In addition to their well-known role in skeletal movements, the basal ganglia control
saccadic eye movements (saccades) by means of their connection to the superior colliculus …

Central regulation of food intake is a key mechanism contributing to energy homeostasis.
Many neural circuits that are thought to orchestrate feeding behavior overlap with the brain's …