Epigenetic alternations concern heritable yet reversible changes in histone or DNA
modifications that regulate gene activity beyond the underlying sequence. Epigenetic …

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl functional
groups from the lysine residues of both histone and nonhistone proteins. In humans, there …

Lysine L-lactylation [K (L-la)] is a newly discovered histone mark stimulated under conditions
of high glycolysis, such as the Warburg effect. K (L-la) is associated with functions that are …

The interaction between histones and DNA is important for eukaryotic gene expression. A
loose interaction caused, for example, by the neutralization of a positive charge on the …

Genetic mutations and abnormal gene regulation are key mechanisms underlying
tumorigenesis. Nucleosomes, which consist of DNA wrapped around histone cores …

The coevolution of mammalian hosts and their beneficial commensal microbes has led to
development of symbiotic host–microbiota relationships. Epigenetic machinery permits …

Simple Summary Beyond mutations, epigenetic changes have been described as drivers for
cancer as well. While leaving the overall DNA structure intact, they can be responsible for …

Post-translational acetylation of lysine residues has emerged as a key regulatory
mechanism in all eukaryotic organisms. Originally discovered in 1963 as a unique …

Since Hedin's characterization of trypsin and antitrypsin in 1906,(1) arguably the first
account of a regulatory protein–protein interaction (PPI), contemporary understanding of …

Context-dependent dynamic histone modifications constitute a key epigenetic mechanism in
gene regulation,,–. The Rpd3 small (Rpd3S) complex recognizes histone H3 trimethylation …