A sensor is a tool used to directly measure the test compound (analyte) in a sample. Ideally,
such a device is capable of continuous and reversible response and should not damage the …

With the rapid development of nanotechnology in the recent decade, novel DNA and RNA
delivery systems for gene therapy have become available that can be used instead of viral …

This research's genesis is in two aspects: first, a guaranteed solution for mitigating the grey
wolf optimizer's (GWO) defect and deficiencies. Second, we provide new open-minding …

Moth flame optimization (MFO) is a swarm-based algorithm with mediocre performance and
marginal originality proposed in recent years. It tried to simulate the fantasy navigation mode …

Accurate high-resolution actual evapotranspiration (ET) and gross primary production (GPP)
information is essential for understanding the large-scale water and carbon dynamics …

Accurate quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) is essential for various applications,
including land surface modeling, flood forecasting, drought monitoring and prediction. In situ …

In recent decades, climate change and human activities have severely affected grasslands
in Central Asia. Grassland regulation and sustainability in this region require an accurate …

Study region The present study has been carried out in the Tabriz River basin (5397 km 2) in
north-western Iran. Elevations vary from 1274 to 3678 m above sea level, and slope angles …

Recurrent floods are one of the major global threats among people, particularly in
develo** countries like India, as this nation has a tropical monsoon type of climate …

To improve the accuracy of quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE), numerous models
have been developed for merging satellite and gauge precipitation. However, most …