African swine fever (ASF) is an acute and often fatal disease affecting domestic pigs and
wild boar, with severe economic consequences for affected countries. ASF is endemic in sub …

Cells secrete various membrane-enclosed microvesicles from their cell surface (shedding
microvesicles) and from internal, endosome-derived membranes (exosomes). Intriguingly …

The HIV accessory protein negative factor (Nef) is one of the earliest and most abundantly
expressed viral proteins. It is also found in the serum of infected individuals (Caby MP …

Animal diseases constitute a continuing threat to animal health, food safety, national
economy, and the environment. Among those, African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most …

Exosomes are membranous nanovesicles of endocytic origin that carry host and pathogen
derived genomic, proteomic, and lipid cargos. Exosomes are secreted by most cell types into …

Human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurological disorders (HANDs) affect the
majority of AIDS patients and are a significant problem among HIV-1-infected individuals …

The Nef protein of the human immunodeficiency virus is a crucial determinant of viral
pathogenesis and disease progression. Nef is abundantly expressed early in infection and …

The development of anti-virals has blunted the AIDS epidemic in the Western world but
globally the epidemic has not been curtailed. Standard vaccines have not worked, and …

Crucial cellular processes such as DNA synthesis and the generation of ATP require iron.
Viruses depend on iron in order to efficiently replicate within living host cells. Some viruses …

A major goal in biomedical research is to clinically reverse the cause of disease rather than
treating the symptoms. Gene therapy has the potential to meet this goal and the discovery of …