Formal methods encompass a wide choice of techniques and tools for the specification,
development, analysis, and verification of software and hardware systems. Formal methods …

Runtime verification (RV) enables monitoring systems at runtime, to detect property
violations early and limit their potential consequences. This paper presents an end-to-end …

Stream-based runtime monitoring frameworks are safety assurance tools that check the
runtime behavior of a system against a formal specification. This tutorial provides a hands …

This paper reports on the integration of runtime monitoring into fully-electric aircraft designed
by Volocopter, a German aircraft manufacturer of electric multi-rotor helicopters. The runtime …

The safety of cyber-physical systems rests on the correctness of their monitoring
mechanisms. This is problematic if the specification of the monitor is implemented manually …

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) consist of software interacting with the physical world, such
as robots, vehicles, and industrial processes. CPS are frequently responsible for the safety …

The observable behavior of a system usually carries useful information about its internal
state, properties, and potential future behaviors. In this paper, we introduce configuration …

Human oversight is currently discussed as a potential safeguard to counter some of the
negative aspects of high-risk AI applications. This prompts a critical examination of the role …

Runtime Verification is a lightweight verification approach that aims at checking that a run of
a system under observation adheres to a formal specification. A classical approach is to …

Runtime monitoring is generally considered a light-weight alternative to formal verification.
In safety-critical systems, however, the monitor itself is a critical component. For example, if …