The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

Enhancers are noncoding regulatory elements that instruct spatial and temporal specificity of
gene transcription in response to a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic signals during …

Transcription is the primary regulatory step in gene expression. Divergent transcription
initiation from promoters and enhancers produces stable RNAs from genes and unstable …

The Polycomb system has fundamental roles in regulating gene expression during
mammalian development. However, how it controls transcription to enable gene repression …

Single-molecule imaging inside living cells has revealed that transcription factors (TFs) bind
to DNA transiently, but a long-standing question is how this transient binding is related to …

In anamniote embryos, the major wave of zygotic genome activation starts during the mid-
blastula transition. However, some genes escape global genome repression, are activated …

The transcription of DNA by RNA polymerase occurs as a discontinuous process described
as transcriptional bursting. This bursting behavior is observed across species and has been …

Gene expression in mammalian cells is highly variable and episodic, resulting in a series of
discontinuous bursts of mRNAs. A challenge is to understand how static promoter …

To maintain cellular identities during development, gene expression profiles must be
faithfully propagated through cell generations. The reestablishment of gene expression …

Monitoring transcription in living cells gives access to the dynamics of this complex
fundamental process. It reveals that transcription is discontinuous, whereby active periods …