Learning to classify the world into categories is fundamental to human cognition. Some
categorizations seem to be made explicitly based on rules whereas other categorizations …

There is a long-standing debate about whether categories are represented by individual
category members (exemplars) or by the central tendency abstracted from individual …

Categorization is a fundamental cognitive function that organizes our experiences into
meaningful “chunks.” This category knowledge can then be generalized to novel stimuli and …

The ability to learn new concepts involves linking pieces of related information to create an
organized knowledge structure, and it is an essential cognitive function for individuals of all …

Category learning, learning to sort a set of stimuli into categories or groups, can induce
category biases in perception such that items in the same category are perceived as more …

Humans and animals are able to generalize or transfer information from previous
experience so that they can behave appropriately in novel situations. What mechanisms …

The ability to make inferences about related experiences is an important function of memory
that allows individuals to build generalizable knowledge. In some cases, however, making …

Introduction After category learning, same-category items tend to be rated as more similar
than items from different categories. Whether this category bias in similarity ratings reflects …

Age deficits in memory for individual episodes are well established. Less is known about
how age affects another key memory function: the ability to form new conceptual knowledge …

Real-world categories often contain exceptions that disobey the perceptual regularities
followed by other members. Prominent psychological and neurobiological theories indicate …