Deimatic behaviours, also referred to as startle behaviours, are used against predators and
rivals. Although many are spectacular, their proximate and ultimate causes remain unclear …

The strategies underlying different forms of protective coloration are well understood but little
attention has been paid to the ecological, life‐history and behavioural circumstances under …

Avoiding Attack discusses the diversity of mechanisms by which prey avoid predator attacks
and explores how such defensive mechanisms have evolved through natural selection. It …

Deals with all aspects of adaptive resemblance Full colour Covers everything from classic
examples of Batesian, Mullerian, aggressive and sexual mimicries through to human …

This book about various types of visual defense (coloration, morphology, movement) of
plants against herbivores is not just a list of facts and hypotheses, with a reference source …

This book is a result of 20 years of my interest in reading and thinking about the bizarre
phenomenon of mimicry. This journey has brought me from the standard scientific world …

Prey transmit sensory illusions to redirect predatory strikes, creating a discrepancy between
what a predator perceives and reality. We use the acoustic arms race between bats and …

Organisms frequently gain advantages when they engage in signalling with individuals of
other species. Here, we provide a functionally structured framework of the great variety of …

Butterfly eyespots are wing patterns reminiscent of vertebrate eyes, formed by concentric
rings of contrastingly coloured scales. Eyespots are usually located close to the wing margin …

Many caterpillars have conspicuous eye-like markings, called eyespots. Despite recent work
demonstrating the efficacy of eyespots in deterring predator attack, a fundamental question …