Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the leading cause of nephrology consultation and is associated
with high mortality rates. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia, hypoxia or …

In humans and experimental models of renal ischemia, tubular cells in various nephron
segments undergo necrotic and/or apoptotic cell death. Various factors, including nucleotide …

Uteroplacental insufficiency causes intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), which is
associated with adult onset diseases such as hypertension. Previous studies demonstrate …

Apoptosis in the cystic epithelium is observed in most rodent models of polycystic kidney
disease (PKD) and in human autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD). Apoptosis inhibition …

The thoroughly updated Eighth Edition of this classic three-volume work provides the most
comprehensive, current, and authoritative information on diseases of the kidney and urinary …

The type-I and-II insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I, II) are now established as survival-or
proliferation-factors in many in vitro systems. Of note IGFs provide trophic support for …

Bax and Bak, two pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, have been implicated in acute kidney
injury following renal ischemia/reperfusion; however, definitive evidence for a role of these …

Diabetic nephropathy, the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, is characterized by a
proapoptotic and prooxidative environment. The mechanisms by which lifestyle …

There are at present disparate published results with regard to the relevance of the Bcl-2
gene family, levels of apoptosis, and cell proliferation in the development and progression of …

Ischemic reperfusion kidney injury (IRKI) is a complex pathophysiological event, which is the
most common cause of the acute kidney injury. The key characteristic of IRKI is a reduction …