Decades of efforts in engineering in vitro cancer models have advanced drug discovery and
the insight into cancer biology. However, the establishment of preclinical models that enable …

Drug delivery to the brain is crucial in the treatment for central nervous system disorders.
While significant progress has been made in recent years, there are still major challenges in …

Previous studies have developed vascularized tumor spheroid models to demonstrate the
impact of intravascular flow on tumor progression and treatment. However, these models …

The blood–brain barrier, which is formed by tightly interconnected microvascular endothelial
cells, separates the brain from the peripheral circulation. Together with other central nervous …

Cancer is still a leading cause of deaths worldwide, especially due to those cases
diagnosed at late stages with metastases that are still considered untreatable and are …

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent one of the leading causes of global
health burden. Nonetheless, new therapies approved against these disorders are among …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents a key challenge in develo** brain-penetrating
therapeutic molecules. BBB dysfunction is also associated with the onset and progression of …

Modelling the human brain in vitro has been extremely challenging due to the brain's
intricate cellular composition and specific structural architecture. The recent emergence of …

Brain cancer remains the deadliest cancer. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is impenetrable to
most drugs and is a complex 3D network of multiple cell types including endothelial cells …

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the epitome of aggressiveness and lethality in the spectrum of
brain tumors, primarily due to the blood–brain barrier (BBB) that hinders effective treatment …