In 2005 a large earthquake struck northern Pakistan. Exposure to the earthquake was
plausibly exogenous to household and individual characteristics, and households received …

That prenatal events can have life-long consequences is now well established.
Nevertheless, research on the fetal origins hypothesis is flourishing and has expanded to …

We systematically review the literature linking health to economic activity, particularly
education and labor market outcomes, over the lifecycle. In the first part, we review studies …

This paper studies how in utero exposure to maternal stress from family ruptures affects later
mental health. We find that prenatal exposure to the death of a maternal relative increases …

This paper examines the impact of fetal exposure to air pollution on fourth-grade test scores
in Santiago, Chile. We rely on comparisons across siblings which address concerns about …

The five-year evaluation of a cash transfer program targeted to adolescent females points to
both the promise and limitations of cash transfers for persistent welfare gains. Conditional …

We estimate the effects of temperature on human capital production in India. We show that
high temperatures reduce math and reading test scores among school-age children …

This paper investigates the persistent effects of negative shocks in utero and in infancy on
low-income children's health and cognitive outcomes and examines whether timing of …

We examine the effect of traffic pollution on student outcomes by leveraging variation in wind
patterns for schools the same distance from major highways. We compare within-student …

Mounting evidence across different disciplines suggests that early‐life conditions can have
consequences on individual outcomes throughout the life cycle. Relative to other developed …