Increasing antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, presents a global …

Introduction: In the era of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and even
pandrug-resistant Gram-negative microorganisms, the medical community is facing the …

The polymyxin antibiotics colistin (polymyxin E) and polymyxin B became available in the
1950s and thus did not undergo contemporary drug development procedures. Their clinical …

Background. Intravenous colistin is difficult to use because plasma concentrations for
antibacterial effect overlap those causing nephrotoxicity, and there is large interpatient …

The polymyxin antibiotics [colistin and polymyxin B (PMB)] are increasingly used as a last-
line option for the treatment of infections caused by extensively drug-resistant Gram …

Successful antibiotic therapy in the critically ill requires sufficient drug concentrations at the
site of infection that kill or suppress bacterial growth. The relationship between antibiotic …

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is more and more widely used in patients
for various indications recent years. It is still intricate for clinicians to decide a suitable …

In this review, we provide an updated summary on colistin pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics. Colistin is an old molecule that is frequently used as last-line treatment …

Introduction Acinetobacter baumannii constitutes a dreadful problem in many ICUs
worldwide. The very limited therapeutic options available for these organisms are a matter of …

The recent surge in multidrug-resistant pathogens combined with the diminishing antibiotic
pipeline has created a growing need to optimize the use of our existing antibiotic …