Prior to its identification as the vector of Lyme borreliosis spirochaetes in Europe in 1983,
interest in Ixodes ricinus (L.) was moderate and mainly concerned the transmission of …

Babesiosis is attracting increasing attention as a worldwide emerging zoonosis. The first
case of human babesiosis in Europe was described in the late 1950s and since then more …

In Europe, the main vector of tick-borne zoonoses is Ixodes ricinus, which has three life
stages. During their development cycle, ticks take three separate blood meals from a wide …

Climate change has had a major impact on seasonal weather patterns, resulting in marked
phenological changes in a wide range of taxa. However, empirical studies of how changes …

Where ticks are found, tick-borne diseases can present a threat to human and animal health.
The aetiology of many of these important diseases, including Lyme disease, bovine …

Hematophagous arthropods are responsible for the transmission of a variety of pathogens
that cause disease in humans and animals. Ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex are vectors …

The ectoparasite Ixodes ricinus is an important vector for many tick-borne diseases (TBD) in
the northern hemisphere, such as Lyme borreliosis, rickettsiosis, human granulocytic …

Background Vector-borne zoonotic diseases are a concerning issue in Europe. Lyme
disease and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) have been reported in several countries …

Simple Summary Various new technologies have been used to learn more about tick
physiology and biology in hopes of develo** vaccines to protect people and animals from …

Rickettsiae of the spotted fever group (SFG) are zoonotic tick-borne pathogens. Small
mammals are important hosts for the immature life stages of two of the most common tick …