Differences between males and females in the optimal phenotype that is favoured by
selection can be resolved by the evolution of differential gene expression in the two sexes …

Although the X chromosome is usually similar to the autosomes in size and cytogenetic
appearance, theoretical models predict that its hemizygosity in males may cause unusual …

Sexually dimorphic traits are common among mammals and are specified during
development through the deployment of sex-specific genetic programs. Because little is …

The profound and pervasive differences in gene expression observed between males and
females, and the unique evolutionary properties of these genes in many species, have led to …

When selective pressures differ between males and females, the genes experiencing these
conflicting evolutionary forces are said to be sexually antagonistic. Although the phenotypic …

The profound differences in gene expression between the sexes are increasingly used to
study the molecular basis of sexual dimorphism, sexual selection and sexual conflict …

The sexes show profound differences in responses to infection and the development of
autoimmunity. Dimorphisms in immune responses are ubiquitous across taxa, from …

Are homologies in vertebrate sex determination due to shared ancestry or to limited options?
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Current models of X-linked and autosomal evolutionary rates often assume that the effective
population size of the X chromosome (NeX) is equal to three-quarters of the autosomal …

Sex-biased genes are thought to drive phenotypic differences between males and females.
The recent availability of high-throughput gene expression data for many related species …