Abstract The Southern Ocean, although relatively understudied owing to its harsh
environment and geographical isolation, has been shown to contribute substantially to …

Ocean color satellites have provided a synoptic view of global phytoplankton for over 25
years through near surface measurements of the concentration of chlorophyll a. While …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Within the framework of the Marine Ecosystem Assessment for the Southern Ocean
(MEASO), this paper brings together analyses of recent trends in phytoplankton biomass …

Abstract The western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is a climatically sensitive region where
foundational changes at the basis of the food web have been recorded; cryptophytes are …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Abstract The Antarctic Peninsula (West Antarctica) marine ecosystem has undergone
substantial changes due to climate-induced shifts in atmospheric and oceanic temperatures …

The global ocean is an important sink for anthropogenic CO2 (ref.). Nearly half of the
oceanic CO2 uptake occurs in the Southern Ocean. Although the role of the Southern Ocean …

Climate change is altering global ocean phenology, the timing of annually occurring
biological events. We examined the changing phenology of the phytoplankton accumulation …

Antarctica and the Southern Ocean comprise a critical part of the Earth System. Their
environments are better understood than ever before, yet the region remains poorly …