The integral components of heat exchangers and in particular the tubes, tubesheets and
tube-to-tubesheet joints have vital roles in the proper functioning of this equipment. Several …

Condensation induced water hammer (CIWH) in equal-height-difference natural circulation
systems (EHDNCS) can lead to significant damage to associated equipment. To investigate …

Condensation-induced water hammer (CIWH) is an unavoidable phenomenon in power
generation facilities and must be properly adjusted for the thermal efficiency and safety of …

Condensation induced water hammer (hereafter, CIWH) phenomenon is widely observed in
various industrial operations, causing severe damage to related equipment and personal …

For the passive natural circulation systems (PNCSs) in offshore floating nuclear plants, the
ocean environment is usually regarded as the final heat sink. Condensation-induced water …

Condensation induced water hammer (CIWH) is a common phenomenon possibly
appearing in industrial pipelines, which may cause pipeline oscillation and even serious …

Natural circulation systems (NCSs) are extensively applied in nuclear power plants because
of their simplicity and inherent safety features. For some passive natural circulation systems …

Condensation-induced water hammer (CIWH) frequently occur in industrial systems.
However, there are limited effective and convenient methods or technologies for predicting …

As nuclear power plants tend to be miniaturized and integrated, equal-height-difference
natural circulation systems (EHDNCSs) have potential applications in floating nuclear power …

Steam condensation-induced water hammer (CIWH) can cause great pressure oscillation,
and the knowledge of CIWH is important to pipes and relevant equipment. In this work, an …