The smooth muscle cell directly drives the contraction of the vascular wall and hence
regulates the size of the blood vessel lumen. We review here the current understanding of …

At high concentrations, free radicals and radical-derived, nonradical reactive species are
hazardous for living organisms and damage all major cellular constituents. At moderate …

In the past five years, skeletal muscle has emerged as a paradigm of “nitric oxide”(NO)
function and redox-related signaling in biology. All major nitric oxide synthase (NOS) …

Plasma nitrite and nitrate determinations are increasingly being used in clinical chemistry as
markers for the activity of nitric oxide synthase and the production of nitric oxide radicals …

Endothelial cells play a wide variety of critical roles in the control of vascular function.
Indeed, since the early 1980s, the accumulating knowledge of the endothelial cell structure …

Virtually all living cells possess an absolute re-Ž. quirement for iron Fe, and it has been
suggested that reactions catalyzed by Fe may have constituted a wx first step in the origin of …

Nitroglycerine has been used for over a century to treat coronary heart disease, and it has
long been suggested that humans synthesize oxides of nitrogen (Mitchell et al., 1916) …

The properties and roles of ATP-sensitive (KATP) and inwardly rectifying (KIR) potassium
channels are reviewed. Potassium channels regulate the membrane potential of smooth …

REACTIVE oxygen intermediates modulate skeletal muscle contraction1, 2, but little is
known about the role of nitric oxide (NO). Here we show that rat skeletal muscle expresses …

We review gases that can affect oxidative stress and that themselves may be radicals. We
discuss O2 toxicity, invoking superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical. We …