The emerging understanding of gut microbiota as 'metabolic machinery'influencing many
aspects of physiology has gained substantial attention in the field of psychiatry. This is …

The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

The neurodevelopmental and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories of the
pathoetiology of schizophrenia, but they were developed in isolation. However, since they …

INTRODUCTION Although the cerebellum has long been considered to be a purely motor
structure, recent studies have revealed that it also has critical nonmotor functions. Cerebellar …

Dopamine (DA) is a central monoamine neurotransmitter involved in many physiological
and pathological processes. A longstanding yet largely unmet goal is to measure DA …

Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental illness which involves three groups of symptoms, ie,
positive, negative and cognitive, and has major public health implications. According to …

Cognitive control, the ability to orchestrate behavior in accord with our goals, depends on
the prefrontal cortex. These cognitive functions are heavily influenced by the …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of receptors in the human
genome and some of the most common drug targets. It is now well established that GPCRs …

Rewards are both “liked” and “wanted,” and those 2 words seem almost interchangeable.
However, the brain circuitry that mediates the psychological process of “wanting” a particular …

Kraepelin, in his early descriptions of schizophrenia (SZ), characterized the illness as having
“an orchestra without a conductor.” Kraepelin further speculated that this “conductor” was …