Owing to reduced light scattering and tissue autofluorescence, in vivo fluorescence imaging
in the 1,000–3,000-nm near-infrared II (NIR-II) spectral range can afford non-invasive …

Luminescence imaging in biomedical research has allowed new insights into the
architecture of pathological tissues, signalling networks and cell interactions, and is now …

The microenvironment is indispensable for functionality of various biomacromolecules,
subcellular compartments, living cells, and organisms. In particular, physical properties …

Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window enables deep-tissue
imaging with high resolution and improved contrast by taking advantage of the reduced light …

In vivo imaging technologies have emerged as a powerful tool for both fundamental
research and clinical practice. In particular, luminescence imaging in the tissue-transparent …

Novel strategies utilizing light in the second near-infrared region (NIR-II; 900–1,880 nm
wavelengths) offer the potential to visualize and treat solid tumours with enhanced precision …

Organic fluorophores are indispensable tools in cells, tissue and in vivo imaging, and have
enabled much progress in the wide range of biological and biomedical fields. However …

Molecular fluorophores with the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) emission hold great potential
for deep‐tissue bioimaging owing to their excellent biocompatibility and high resolution …

Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) using
small-molecule dyes has high potential for clinical use. However, many NIR-II dyes suffer …

Thanks to their unique attributes, such as good sensitivity, selectivity, high surface-to-volume
ratio, and versatile optical and electronic properties, fluorescent-based bioprobes have been …