Irrigation is considered the primary means of cleaning and disinfection of the root canal
system. The purpose of this review was to set the framework for the obstacles that irrigation …

Introduction The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence on the cleaning
and disinfection of root canals and the healing of apical periodontitis when ultrasonic irrigant …

Aim To use micro‐CT to quantitatively evaluate the amount of residual filling material after
using several techniques to remove root fillings with and without ultrasonic activation and to …

Introduction The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Easy Clean (Easy
Dental Equipment, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil) in continuous and reciprocating motion …

Introduction The objective of this ex vivo study was to compare the efficacy of passive
ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) versus a new activation system using reciprocating motion …

INTRODUCTION: Many in vitro studies have debated over the ability of different irrigant
delivery and/or agitation systems to reach the apical third of curved root canals; however …

INTRODUCTION: Different techniques and irrigant delivery devices have been proposed to
increase the flow and distribution of irrigating solutions within the root canal system. The aim …

Macedo RG, Wesselink PR, Zaccheo F, Fanali D, van der Sluis LWM. Reaction rate of
NaOCl in contact with bovine dentine: effect of activation, exposure time, concentration and …

Introduction The aim of this study was to conduct a micro–computed tomographic
assessment of the effectiveness of 3 supplementary cleaning techniques in reducing the …

Aim To evaluate the antimicrobial effect of laser‐activated irrigation (LAI) on biofilms formed
in simulated root canals. Methodology A dual‐species biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis and …