The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System
(GIS) has been identified as a promising but challenging topic to transform information …

Abstract The Application Domain Extension (ADE) is a built-in mechanism of CityGML to
augment its data model with additional concepts required by particular use cases. The goal …

Purpose Notwithstanding the Geographical Information System (GIS) being a fast-emerging
green area of a digital revolution, the available studies focus on different subject areas of …

Abstract Numerous North American cities are experiencing constant population growth in
regions with limited available land, encouraging urban densification processes with …

The aim of this paper is to present a proposal for a national building standard in Sweden.
We define requirements for the proposed standard, eg, it should support development of 3D …

Enhanced dissemination of information regarding energy saving and climate change
targeted toward property owners is considered to be an important strategy in order to reach …

LandInfra is a relatively new open standard for modelling and representing land and
infrastructure features. As it overlaps with other open standards in BIM (IFC) and 3D GIS …

With the rapid development of infrastructure construction, geotechnical engineering has
always been worthy of attention due to its complexity and diversity. Accelerating the …

This study aims to propose a method for constructing basic digital twin data in South Korea
by adhering to international standards and by utilizing publicly available data. Specifically …

The urban environment is characterised by increasingly complex relations driven by the
needs of modern societies, such as multi-purpose buildings and composite infrastructures …