The atmosphere of the Archean eon—one-third of Earth's history—is important for
understanding the evolution of our planet and Earth-like exoplanets. New geological proxies …

In the coming years and decades, advanced space-and ground-based observatories will
allow an unprecedented opportunity to probe the atmospheres and surfaces of potentially …

The rise of atmospheric oxygen fundamentally changed the chemistry of surficial
environments and the nature of Earth's habitability. Early atmospheric oxygenation occurred …

The rapid increase of carbon dioxide concentration in Earth's modern atmosphere is a
matter of major concern. But for the atmosphere of roughly two-and-half billion years ago …

The early Earth's environment is controversial. Climatic estimates range from hot to glacial,
and inferred marine pH spans strongly alkaline to acidic. Better understanding of early …

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, which likely enabled the evolution of life by kee**
the early Earth warm. Here, we demonstrate routes towards abiotic methane and ethane …

The crustal growth and stabilization of the North China Craton (NCC) relate to three major
geological events in the Precambrian:(1) a major phase of continental growth at ca. 2.7 …

We describe how environmental context can help determine whether oxygen (O2) detected
in extrasolar planetary observations is more likely to have a biological source. Here we …

Molecular oxygen (O2) is, and has been, a primary driver of biological evolution and shapes
the contemporary landscape of Earth's biogeochemical cycles. Although “whiffs” of oxygen …

Iron formations (IF) represent an iron-rich rock type that typifies many Archaean and
Proterozoic supracrustal successions and are chemical archives of Precambrian seawater …