The Abelson (ABL) family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, ABL1 and ABL2, transduces
diverse extracellular signals to protein networks that control proliferation, survival, migration …

Background Neural tube defects (NTDs) are debilitating birth defects involving the central
nervous system (CNS). Despite recent advances, NTDs represent the second most common …

Embryonic morphogenesis requires the execution of complex mechanisms that regulate the
local behaviour of groups of cells. The orchestration of such mechanisms has been mainly …

In the develo** brain, dendrite branches and dendritic spines form and turn over
dynamically. By contrast, most dendrite arbors and dendritic spines in the adult brain are …

Imatinib, a potent inhibitor of the oncogenic tyrosine kinase BCR–ABL, has shown
remarkable clinical activity in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) …

Eph receptors constitute the largest family of tyrosine kinase receptors and, together with
their plasma-membrane-bound ephrin ligands, have many important functions during …

Layering of neurons in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum requires Reelin, an extracellular
matrix protein, and mammalian Disabled (mDab1), a cytosolic protein that activates tyrosine …

Abstract The amphetamine derivative (±)-3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA,
ecstasy) is a popular recreational drug among young people, particularly those involved in …

Congenital defects of neural tube closure (neural tube defects; NTDs) are among the
commonest and most severe disorders of the fetus and newborn. Disturbance of any of the …

More than 80 mutant mouse genes disrupt neurulation and allow an in-depth analysis of the
underlying developmental mechanisms. Although many of the genetic mutants have been …