Explaining how animals respond to an increasingly urbanised world is a major challenge for
evolutionary biologists. Urban environments often present animals with novel problems that …

With global surface air temperature rising rapidly, extensive research effort has been
dedicated to assessing the consequences of this change for wildlife. While impacts on the …

How does repeated or chronic childhood adversity shape social and cognitive abilities?
According to the prevailing deficit model, children from high-stress backgrounds are at risk …

Song learning is a cognitive task in which juvenile birds acquire, store and use information
about adult song to shape their own song production. Comparative studies show that across …

Highlights•We developed a cognitive test battery for wild New Zealand robins, Petroica
longipes.•Robins varied greatly in their cognitive performance in the six test battery tasks.•A …

Short-term sleep loss is known to cause temporary difficulties in cognition, behaviour and
health but the effects of persistent sleep deprivation on brain development have received …

The negative effects on adult behavior of juvenile undernourishment are well documented in
vertebrates, but relatively poorly understood in invertebrates. We examined the effects of …

The survival probability of birds during the juvenile period, between the end of parental care
and adulthood, is highly variable and has a major effect on population dynamics and …

Across taxa, both neural growth and cognitive function show considerable developmental
plasticity. Data from studies of decision making, learning, and discrimination demonstrate …

A growing body of evidence from across taxa suggests that exposure to elevated levels of
glucocorticoids during early development can have long-term effects upon physiological and …