In search of the silver bullet to solve the password problem, the field of knowledge-based
authentication has become bloated with novel proposals aiming to replace textual …

The rapid advancement of information technology (IT) has given rise to a new era of efficient
and fast communication and transactions. However, the increasing adoption of and reliance …

The pervasive use of mobile devices exposes users to an elevated risk of shoulder-surfing
attacks. Despite the prior work on shoulder-surfing resistance of mobile user authentication …

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, cell phones inevitably involve people's
privacy and property information. Therefore, ensuring cell phone security is of great …

Abstract PIN (Personal Identification Number) code entry is a widely used authentication
method used on smartphones, ATMs, etc. However, it is typically subject to shoulder surfing …

Banks and financial institutions all over the world have adopted and continue to adopt
Automated Teller Machine (ATM) systems into their transactions to extend banking hours …

Graphical passwords are considered to be one of the promising alternatives to conventional
textual passwords. However, while offering potential theoretical improvements over their …

The development of authentication systems plays a crucial role in ensuring security and user
privacy across various domains. One such authentication mechanism is Transparent Image …

In this age of the internet and technology, it is very important to be vigilant with one's devices
and have safe and secure passwords to avoid several types of crimes. In this paper, we …

Password-based mobile user authentication is vulnerable to shoulder-surfing. Despite the
increasing research on user password entry behavior and mobile security, there is limited …