One of the emerging themes of fish-inspired robotics is flexibility. Adding flexibility to the
body, joints, or fins of fish-inspired robots can significantly improve thrust and/or efficiency …

Nearly all fish have flexible bodies that bend as a result of internal muscular forces and
external fluid forces that are dynamically coupled with the mechanical properties of the body …

Unlike most manmade machines, animals move through their world using flexible bodies
and appendages, which bend due to internal muscle and body forces, and also due to …

Dense architectured materials are made of blocks that can slide, rotate, interlock and jam in
powerful mechanisms that can generate simultaneous strength and toughness. Nature …

Chondrichthyans have a long evolutionary history, reaching back over 450 million years.
Despite the longevity of the chondrichthyan fossil record, it is remarkably incomplete. This …

Durophagous predators consume hard‐shelled prey such as bivalves, gastropods, and
large crustaceans, typically by crushing the mineralized exoskeleton. This is costly from the …

Recent work showed that two species of hammerhead sharks operated as a double
oscillating system, where frequency and amplitude differed in the anterior and posterior …

The centra of shark vertebrae consist of cartilage mineralized by a bioapatite similar to
bone's carbonated hydroxyapatite, and, without a repair mechanism analogous to …

Architectured and segmented material designs have recently emerged as a powerful
approach to increasing the strength and toughness of brittle materials. Architectured …