The upsurge in the volume of unwanted emails called spam has created an intense need for
the development of more dependable and robust antispam filters. Machine learning …

Natural language processing (NLP) has recently gained much attention for representing and
analyzing human language computationally. It has spread its applications in various fields …

Seismic velocity is one of the most important parameters used in seismic exploration.
Accurate velocity models are the key prerequisites for reverse time migration and other high …

Spam emails have been traditionally seen as just annoying and unsolicited emails
containing advertisements, but they increasingly include scams, malware or phishing. In …

Retrained large language models (LLMs) have become extensively used across various sub-
disciplines of natural language processing (NLP). In NLP, text classification problems have …

Machine learning (ML) systems can automatically mine data sets for hidden features or
relationships. Recently, ML methods have become increasingly used within many scientific …

Text categorization is a significant tool to manage and organize the surging text data. Many
text categorization algorithms have been explored in previous literatures, such as KNN …

Machine Learning (ML) provides approaches which use big data to enable algorithms to"
learn", producing outputs which would be difficult to obtain otherwise. Despite the advances …

Email spam is one of the major problems of the today's Internet, bringing financial damage to
companies and annoying individual users. Among the approaches developed to stop spam …

Text categorization (also called text classification) is the process of identifying the class to
which a text document belongs. This paper proposes to use a simple non-weighted features …