Water covers over 70% of the earth, has varying depths and temperatures and contains
much of the earth's resources. Head-out water immersion (HOWI) or submersion at various …

The energy expended to transport the body over a given distance (C, the energy cost)
increases with speed both on land and in water. At any given speed, C is lower on land (eg …

The energy cost to swim a unit distance (C sw) is given by the ratio ̇ E/v where ̇ E is the
net metabolic power and v is the swimming speed. The contribution of the aerobic and …

ABSTRACT BUGLIONE, A., S. LAZZER, R. COLLI, E. INTROINI, and PE DI PRAMPERO.
Energetics of Best Performances in Elite Kayakers and Canoeists. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc …

When dealing with human-powered vehicles, it is important to quantify the capability of
converting metabolic energy in useful mechanical work by measuring mechanical efficiency …

The total net metabolic power output (̇ E, kW) required to scull a traditional, flat hull boat—
the “Bissa”, 9.02 m long and weighting about 500 kg including the crew—was assessed at …

Can a web-based community of peers autonomously engage in architectural innovation and
develop tangible products? We present a theoretical framework that builds upon the idea of …

The Cheops Boat is the most complete, largest, and one of the oldest boats ever excavated,
but it has received surprisingly little study by Naval Architects. The 43-m boat was …

In this chapter the determinants of C (the energy cost of locomotion) in aquatic sport
activities will be presented and discussed with a particular focus on swimming (with different …

There is a lack of human-powered watercrafts for people with lower-body disabilities. The
purpose of this study was therefore to develop a watercraft for disabled people and …