Undruggable proteins are a class of proteins that are often characterized by large, complex
structures or functions that are difficult to interfere with using conventional drug design …

BACKGROUND All cells, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, release extracellular vesicles (EVs)
as part of their normal physiology and during acquired abnormalities. EVs can be broadly …

Liver metastasis is a major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Fatty
liver promotes liver metastasis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We …

Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles that carry specific combinations of proteins,
nucleic acids, metabolites, and lipids. Mounting evidence suggests that exosomes …

Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles containing heterogeneous active biomolecules such as
proteins, lipids, mRNAs, receptors, immune regulatory molecules, and nucleic acids. They …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to
differentiate into several cell types. MSC‐based therapy has emerged as a promising …

Cancer is a complex disease that is associated with genetic aberrations and subsequent
cellular and noncellular host responses. Tumors harbor diverse cell types that engage in a …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are on the cusp of regenerative medicine due to their
differentiation capacity, favorable culture conditions, ability to be manipulated in vitro, and …

Exosomes are nanoscale-sized membrane vesicles secreted by almost all cell types into the
extracellular environment upon fusion of multivesicular bodies and plasma membrane …

Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin that enclose a multitude
of functional biomolecules. Exosomes have emerged as key players of intercellular …