Apelin is an endogenous peptide identified as a ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor
APJ. Apelin belongs to the family of adipokines, which are bioactive mediators released by …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Its prevalence is rising due
to ageing populations and the increasing incidence of diseases such as chronic kidney …

Sex characteristics exhibit significant disparities in various human diseases, including
prevalent cardiovascular diseases, cancers, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases …

Nowadays, diabetes and obesity are two main health-threatening metabolic disorders in the
world, which increase the risk for many chronic diseases. Apelin, a peptide hormone, exerts …

A wide range of adipokines identified over the past years has allowed considering the white
adipose tissue as a secretory organ closely integrated into overall physiological and …

Background Epigenetic factors regulate tissue-specific expression and X-chromosome
inactivation. Previous studies have identified epigenetic differences between sexes in some …

Apelin is a peptide known as the ligand of the G-protein-coupled receptor APJ. Several
active apelin forms exist such as apelin-36, apelin-17, apelin-13, and the pyroglutamated …

Apelin, a regulatory peptide, is a ligand of the APJ receptor that belongs to the G protein-
coupled receptor family. Apelin and APJ are widely distributed in the body and play potential …

The dysregulation of the β-cell functional mass, which is a reduction in the number of β-cells
and their ability to secure adequate insulin secretion, represents a key mechanistic factor …

Insulin resistance is a main feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several
mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance have been proposed. Adipose tissue …