Transfer efficiency is the proportion of energy passed between nodes in food webs. It is an
emergent, unitless property that is difficult to measure, and responds dynamically to …

Plastic pollution is now recognized as a global environmental issue that can affect the health
of biota and ecosystems. Now that a growing number of species and taxa are known to …

Climate change is impacting virtually all marine life. Adaptation strategies will require a
robust understanding of the risks to species and ecosystems and how those propagate to …

The Paris Agreement target of limiting global surface warming to 1.5–2° C compared to pre-
industrial levels by 2100 will still heavily impact the ocean. While ambitious mitigation and …

Marine fishes and invertebrates respond to ocean warming through distribution shifts,
generally to higher latitudes and deeper waters. Consequently, fisheries should be affected …

Although extinctions due to climate change are still uncommon, they might surpass those
caused by habitat loss or overexploitation over the next few decades. Among marine …

Although there are various indications and claims that jellyfish (ie, scyphozoans, cubozoans,
most hydrozoans, ctenophores, and salps) have been increasing at a global scale in recent …

As coastal fisheries around the world have collapsed, industrial fishing has spread seaward
and deeper in pursuit of the last economically attractive concentrations of fishable biomass …

Seamounts are one of the major biomes of the global ocean. The last 25 years of research
has seen considerable advances in the understanding of these ecosystems. The …

Marine life is being affected by changes in ocean conditions resulting from changes in
climate and chemistry triggered by combustion of fossil fuels. Shifting spatial distributions of …