In animals, the sequences for controlling gene expression do not concentrate just at the
transcription start site of genes, but are frequently thousands to millions of base pairs distal …

In this review, we provide an organized summary of the theoretical and computational
results that are available for polymers subject to spatial or topological constraints. Because …

The organization of the genome in the nucleus and the interactions of genes with their
regulatory elements are key features of transcriptional control and their disruption can cause …

Polycomb group proteins have a critical role in silencing transcription during development. It
is commonly proposed that Polycomb-dependent changes in genome folding, which …

Chromatin has a complex spatial organization in the cell nucleus that serves vital functional
purposes. A variety of chromatin folding conformations has been detected by single-cell …

Mammalian chromosomes fold into arrays of megabase‐sized topologically associating
domains (TAD s), which are arranged into compartments spanning multiple megabases of …

Structural variants (SVs) can result in changes in gene expression due to abnormal
chromatin folding and cause disease. However, the prediction of such effects remains a …

Chromosomes have a complex architecture in the cell nucleus, which serves vital functional
purposes, yet its structure and folding mechanisms remain still incompletely understood …

Loop-extrusion and phase-separation have been proposed as mechanisms that shape
chromosome spatial organization. It is unclear, however, how they perform relative to each …

The spatial organization of chromosomes has key functional roles, yet how chromosomes
fold remains poorly understood at the single-molecule level. Here, we employ models of …