Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects nearly 1% of the population. It is a complex disease,
which may be caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Studies in human …

Aortic coarctation accounts for 6% to 8% of all congenital heart disease 1 and occurs with an
incidence of 3 to 4 cases out of 10,000 live births with a male predominance of 2: 1. 2 It is …

Alternatively activated “M2” macrophages are believed to function during late stages of
wound healing, behaving in an anti-inflammatory manner to mediate the resolution of the …

Cardiac left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) defects represent a common but heterogeneous
subset of congenital heart disease for which gene identification has been difficult. We …

Aims Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) accounts for 4–8% of congenital heart defects (CHDs)
and confers substantial morbidity despite treatment. It is increasingly recognized as a highly …

Cardiovascular malformations are a singularly important class of birth defects and due to
dramatic improvements in medical and surgical care, there are now large numbers of adult …

Many mammal species have declining populations, but the consequences of small
population size on the genomic makeup of species remain largely unknown. We …

Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital defect observed in newborns.
Within the spectrum of congenital heart disease are left‐sided obstructive lesions (LSOLs) …

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common group of birth defects with a strong genetic
contribution to their etiology, but historically the diagnostic yield from exome studies of …

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is defined as a congenital stenosis of the thoracic aorta and is
one of the most common congenital cardiovascular diseases. Despite successful surgical …