Recent years have seen substantial efforts aimed at constructing artificial cells from various
molecular components with the aim of mimicking the processes, behaviours and …

The ability of animal cells to sense, adhere to and remodel their local extracellular matrix
(ECM) is central to control of cell shape, mechanical responsiveness, motility and signalling …

Constructing a minimal machinery for autonomous self-division of synthetic cells is a major
goal of bottom-up synthetic biology. One paradigm has been the E. coli divisome, with the …

Building synthetic protocells and prototissues hinges on the formation of biomimetic skeletal
frameworks. Recreating the complexity of cytoskeletal and exoskeletal fibers, with their …

Cytoskeletal elements, like actin and myosin, have been reconstituted inside lipid vesicles
toward the vision to reconstruct cells from the bottom up. Here, we realize the de novo …

Creating an artificial cell from the bottom up is a long‐standing challenge and, while
significant progress has been made, the full realization of this goal remains elusive …

The bottom-up construction of a living cell using non-living materials represents a grand
challenge in science and technology. Reproduction of cells into similar offspring is key to …

Life-like systems need to maintain a basal metabolism, which includes importing a variety of
building blocks required for macromolecule synthesis, exporting dead-end products, and …

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) have gained great popularity as mimicries for cellular
membranes. As their sizes are comfortably above the optical resolution limit, and their lipid …

One of the major challenges of bottom-up synthetic biology is rebuilding a minimal cell
division machinery. From a reconstitution perspective, the animal cell division apparatus is …